Connecting a physical USB device (like a sensor, controller, or storage) to the standard Android Studio Emulator is not supported through the standard graphical interface. Because the emulator is based on QEMU, you must use command-line arguments to "pass through" the USB hardware from your computer to the virtual Android environment. 1. Identify Your USB Device IDs

Verdict: VirtualHere is the "better" choice for 90% of developers, especially on Windows/macOS.

Verdict: This is the best method for Linux developers. For Windows and macOS, continue reading.

The core challenge: You need to detach the USB device from the host driver and attach it to the emulated Android environment. This requires a translation layer—either ADB (Android Debug Bridge) or virtual USB passthrough.