Wilms Tumor Ppt New May 2026

Presentation Title: Wilms Tumor (Nephroblastoma)

Subtitle: Clinical Presentation, Pathology, and Management Target Audience: Medical Students / Residents / Clinical Staff

Wilms Tumor — Informative Paper

Introduction

Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) is the most common primary renal malignancy in children, typically presenting between ages 2 and 5. It arises from embryonic renal precursor cells and can be unilateral or, less commonly, bilateral. Early recognition, staging, and multidisciplinary treatment yield high cure rates in developed settings. wilms tumor ppt new

Laboratory: Urinalysis, CBC, renal function, LDH.

Tissue Diagnosis: Core needle biopsy if neoadjuvant chemotherapy planned (or surgical resection upfront depending on protocol).

Staging and Risk Stratification

• Stage I–V (local to metastatic, with Stage V = bilateral disease).
• Risk stratification incorporates stage, histology (anaplasia), age, tumor weight, molecular markers (LOH at 1p/16q associated with higher relapse risk).

• Regimen EE-4A (vincristine + actinomycin D) → Still standard for stage I-II favorable.
• Regimen DD-4A (adds doxorubicin) → Now for stage III favorable with 1q gain.
• Regimen M (cyclophosphamide, carboplatin, etoposide) → For diffuse anaplasia.
• New: Regimen I (irinotecan + temozolomide) – emerging for relapsed blastemal type.

provides excellent visual data on calcifications and vascular invasion. Pathology Deep-Dive : The NCBI Bookshelf on Histology Laboratory: Urinalysis, CBC, renal function, LDH

Slide 8: Treatment Overview (Risk-Stratified)

• Low/Standard Risk (Favorable histology, Stage I-II): Nephrectomy + short-course chemotherapy (vincristine, dactinomycin).
• High Risk (Stage III-IV or anaplastic): Pre-operative chemotherapy → delayed nephrectomy → intensified therapy (add doxorubicin ± radiation).
• Bilateral Disease (Stage V): Aim for bilateral nephron-sparing surgery after neoadjuvant chemo.